An official website of the United States government
Here's how you know
A .mil website belongs to an official U.S. Department of Defense organization in the United States.
A lock (lock ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .mil website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

News | March 10, 2021

Q&A: Are COVID-19 Vaccines Safe and Effective?

By TRICARE Communications

As the fight against COVID-19 continues, vaccination is one way to slow the spread and protect yourself. Chances are you know someone who’s already been vaccinated. Still, you may be concerned about safety—and wondering when to schedule the vaccine for yourself.
 
“It’s important for people to know that these vaccines, though produced in record time, have gone through the same safety processes as other vaccines,” said Dr. John Kugler, chief of the Clinical Support Division at the Defense Health Agency. “I got the vaccine when I became eligible and encourage you to get it to help keep you and your family safe.”
 
As the COVID-19 vaccine becomes available to you, you may have questions. Here are some answers about the vaccine.
 
Question: Will I experience side effects after getting a COVID-19 vaccine?
Answer: You may. The most common side effects are pain and swelling in the arm where you received the shot. You may also have fever, chills, tiredness, and headache. These symptoms are a sign that your body is building protection against the coronavirus. They should go away in a few days. Contact your doctor if the side effects are worrying you or don’t seem to be going away after a few days.
                                                                              
Since vaccines, including the COVID-19 vaccines, carry a risk of allergic reactions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that your vaccine provider monitors you for 15 to 30 minutes after vaccination. In the rare case that you think you’re experiencing a severe allergic reaction after leaving the vaccination site, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.
 
Question: Can a COVID-19 vaccine make me sick with COVID-19?
Answer: No. It can’t make you sick with COVID-19. According to the CDC, none of the authorized and recommended vaccines contain the live virus that causes COVID-19. When you do get the vaccine, though, your body will begin to build antibodies to protect you from the coronavirus.
 
Question: I’m pregnant. Is it safe for me to get the COVID-19 vaccine?
Answer: If you’re pregnant, you may be at higher risk for severe illness from COVID-19. Vaccination may reduce that risk and is available to pregnant women. Individuals should discuss with their provider when deciding whether to be vaccinated.
 
Question: How many shots of COVID-19 vaccine do I need?
Answer: It depends. Currently, the Janssen vaccine (also known as the Johnson & Johnson vaccine) requires only a single shot. The Pfizer and Moderna vaccines require two shots given at least 21 days (for Pfizer) and 28 days (for Moderna) apart. If the pandemic continues, people may need additional shots (boosters) in the future, similar to how booster shots are needed to protect against other diseases.
 
Question: Does it matter which COVID-19 vaccine I get?
Answer: There are currently three COVID-19 vaccines authorized and recommended for people in the U.S.:
  • Janssen vaccine (1 shot)
  • Moderna vaccine (2 shots, at least 28 days apart)
  • Pfizer vaccine (2 shots, at least 21 days apart)
 
“All three of these vaccines can reduce your risk of serious illness or death due to COVID-19,” Kugler added. “Vaccines differ by age authorized, and in how they are produced and work. The CDC has information for patients about each vaccine.”
 
Keep in mind, it typically takes a few weeks after your last shot for your body to build immunity to COVID-19. Once fully vaccinated, new guidelines from the CDC provide recommendations for private settings.
 
When in public settings, even if fully vaccinated, all individuals should continue to practice healthy habits, like wearing a mask, physical distancing, avoiding crowds, and washing your hands. If you’ve already had COVID-19 and recovered, you likely have some immunity. However, vaccination is still recommended to help build additional immunity against re-infection.
 
So, explore options for where you can go to get the COVID-19 vaccine, and be sure to check out the TRICARE COVID Vaccine page for updates. If you get the COVID-19 vaccine at a local or state health department vaccination site or a retail pharmacy, let your primary care manager know so a record of your vaccination gets included in your medical records.
 
Do you have more questions about vaccine safety and effectiveness? Read these COVID-19 Vaccination FAQs. Take command of your health, and do your part to slow the spread of COVID-19 by getting vaccinated.
 
Sign up for email alerts, and keep up with TRICARE and COVID-19 updates.

At the time of posting, this information is current. Visit www.cdc.gov or TRICARE COVID Guidance for the most current COVID-19 information.
Military Pharmacy technician smiles at patient

Military Pharmacies Restored to Full Operations ...

News
Apr. 11, 2024

Military pharmacies have returned to normal operations following a February cyberattack on the nation's...
Read More
Female Uniformed Service Member looks at mammogram images on a monitor with a keyboard.

The Power of Prevention: Get Cancer Screenings W...

News
Apr. 09, 2024

Catching cancer early is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your loved ones from cancer. Routine...
Read More
Heart Health: BAMC incorporates lifestyle medicine into cardiac rehab program

Look After Your Heart With Help From TRICARE

News
Apr. 04, 2024

Keeping your heart healthy is important at every age. Catching heart disease early gives you the best chance...
Read More
Screenshots of the latest issue of the TRICARE Health Matters Dental Newsletter. Callout box with text says, "Catch up on the latest dental news! www.tricare.mil/newsletters"

Check Out the Latest TRICARE Dental Program News...

News
Apr. 02, 2024

The latest issue of the TRICARE Health Matters Dental Newsletter is now online. It's full of information about...
Read More
Woman in wheelchair looks at her daughter's phone

Q&A: How TRICARE Covers Durable Medical Equipment

News
Mar. 28, 2024

TRICARE covers a range of DME, so you and your family can make the most of this equipment if you need it.
Read More
Provider wearing white lab coat flips through papers with charts on clipboard.

The HIPAA Privacy Rule and Military Health Care:...

News
Mar. 21, 2024

Are you the parent or legal sponsor of a minor child? If so, there are things you should know about what...
Read More
Collage image that displays the cover of the TRICARE Choices in the United States Handbook in front of other TRICARE handbooks.

Get To Know Your TRICARE Options in the U.S.

News
Mar. 20, 2024

Are you new to TRICARE and wondering what your health, dental, and vision coverage options are? If you live in...
Read More
Infographic including stick figure typing on laptop and a speech bubble with prescription bottle. Text reads "Military Health System MHS GENESIS - Refills are here!"

New Feature of MHS GENESIS Patient Portal Allows...

News
Mar. 15, 2024

The Defense Health Agency has launched a new feature that lets you request prescription refills through MHS...
Read More

April 11, 2024

Military Pharmacies Restored to Full Operations After Change Healthcare Cyberattack

Military pharmacies have returned to normal operations following a February cyberattack on the nation's largest commercial prescription processor, Change Healthcare.

April 9, 2024

The Power of Prevention: Get Cancer Screenings With TRICARE

Catching cancer early is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your loved ones from cancer. Routine cancer screening tests can find many common cancers before they cause symptoms.

April 4, 2024

Look After Your Heart With Help From TRICARE

Keeping your heart healthy is important at every age. Catching heart disease early gives you the best chance for treatment to work well—and TRICARE makes it easy to get the preventive care you need.

April 2, 2024

Check Out the Latest TRICARE Dental Program Newsletter

The latest issue of the TRICARE Health Matters Dental Newsletter is now online. It's full of information about the TRICARE Dental Program and oral health.

March 28, 2024

Q&A: How TRICARE Covers Durable Medical Equipment

TRICARE covers a range of DME, so you and your family can make the most of this equipment if you need it.

March 21, 2024

The HIPAA Privacy Rule and Military Health Care: What Parents of Minors Need To Know

Are you the parent or legal sponsor of a minor child? If so, there are things you should know about what access you have to your child’s health care records and choices. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Privacy Final Rule protects minors’ privacy concerning their health care choices and treatment.

March 20, 2024

Get To Know Your TRICARE Options in the U.S.

Are you new to TRICARE and wondering what your health, dental, and vision coverage options are? If you live in the United States, the TRICARE Choices in the United States Handbook is a great place to start.

March 15, 2024

New Feature of MHS GENESIS Patient Portal Allows Prescription Refills

The Defense Health Agency has launched a new feature that lets you request prescription refills through MHS GENESIS.

March 12, 2024

Maintaining Your Military Health Records Overseas

No matter where you live, it’s important for your electronic health record to be complete and up to date. For TRICARE Prime Overseas and TRICARE Prime Remote Overseas beneficiaries, there are processes that help make this possible.

March 11, 2024

DOD Amends Assisted Reproductive Services Policy for Severely Ill and Injured Active Duty Service Members

DOD amended its policy covering assisted reproductive technology services to expand access for severely ill and injured active duty service members.